Roman Andreyevich Sludnov (Russian: Роман Андреевич Слуднов, born 24 February 1980) is a breaststroke swimmer from Russia.

In 2000 he held world records in the long course 100 m and short course 100 m and 200 m. At the 2000 Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the 100 m event.

His parents, Natalia Roshchina and Andrei Sludnov, are elite swimming coaches and were taking both sons to their training sessions since early age.

Roman graduated from the University of Missouri in 2009 with a degree in finances and continues to study and train in Orlando, Florida.

He competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, but could not match his bronze medal-winning performance from Sydney and finished in sixth place.