Romulus Zachariah Linney (December 26, 1841 – April 15, 1910) was an American politician who was a Republican U.S.

Linney was born in Rutherford County, North Carolina, the son of Martha (née Baxter) and William Coplin Linney.

During the American Civil War, he served in the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia as a private in Company A of the 7th North Carolina Infantry.

After the war, he engaged in agricultural pursuits and studied law.

He was elected to the North Carolina Senate in 1870, 1873, and 1882 and then to the United States Congress in 1894, serving three terms in the 44th, 45th, and 46th Congresses (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1901).