Rosa Angela Kirkcaldie CBE (3 June 1887 – 4 August 1972) was an Australian hospital matron, writer and army nurse.

On 30 August 1914 she and Grantala left Sydney to support the Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force in Rabaul in German New Guinea.

Kirkcaldie went to Britain where she enrolled in the Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service Reserve in May 1915 and she was soon in Malta serving at a hospital in Valetta dealing with dirty and frostbitten casualties from the Gallipoli campaign.

[1] In 1922 she published her account of her war service In Grey and Scarlet[5] and she became the secretary of the New South Wales Bush Nursing Association.

Kirkcaldie House, the nurses' quarters attached to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Camperdown, and built in 1941, was named for her.