It serves the north-eastern suburb of Rosanna, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

[5] Rosanna station, like the suburb itself, was named after Elizabeth Anna Rose, the wife of James Watson, who purchased land in the area in 1838 when the then Warringal village was divided in nine portions of varying sizes.

[6][7] Watson later named his land Rosa Anna Farm.

[6] In 1958, in conjunction with the duplication of the line between Rosanna Junction (which was at the up end of the station) and Macleod, flashing light signals replaced wigwags at the former Lower Plenty Road level crossing, which was at the down end of the station.

[9] On 6 October 2017, the former ground-level station closed, as part of the removal of the Lower Plenty Road level crossing and the duplication of the Hurstbridge line between Rosanna and Heidelberg.