Rotbold I (also spelled Rothbold, Rotbald, Rodbald, Robald(us), Roubaud, or Rotbaud; died 1008) was a French nobleman.
He was the elder of two sons of Boso II of Provence and Constance of Vienne, his younger brother being William I, who took up the title of marchio in 979 and that of dux later.
On William's death, Rotbold was left as head of the family with the title of marchio.
He signed his brother's donation to Saint-Victor de Marseille in April 970 and to Cluny on 28 August 990.
In 1005, he joined with his sister-in-law Adelaide of Anjou and his nephew William II to grant privileges to Saint-Victor.