Rowland Day (March 6, 1779 Chester, Massachusetts – December 23, 1853 Moravia, New York) was an American merchant and politician from New York.
From 1823 to 1825, he served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives.
He engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was Supervisor of the Town of Sempronius for several years.
In 1833, the Western part of Sempronius (where Day lived) was separated as the Town of Moravia.
He was buried at the Indian Mound Cemetery in Moravia