The Royal Aircraft Factory N.E.1 was a prototype British night fighter of the First World War.

A single-engined pusher biplane, it was a development of the Royal Aircraft Factory's earlier F.E.9 fighter, but was not successful, only six being built.

[5] It was powered by a 200 hp (149 kW) Hispano-Suiza 8 engine in a pusher configuration driving a four-bladed propeller.

[6] The first prototype crashed on 14 September 1917, and was rebuilt with a new nacelle with the searchlight removed, and the gunner, who was armed with a 1.59-inch (40-mm) Breech-Loading Vickers Q.F.

A fixed Lewis gun was mounted externally on the starboard side of the fuselage, to be operated by the pilot.