Anti-Jewish violence in Kraków was a serious problem according to the Soviet-installed starosta in the city, even though "no serious antisemitic events were recorded in the rural and small-town regions.

[2] In his report for 1–10 August, the Kraków city administrator (starosta grodzki) noted the "insufficient supply of food.

"[3] On 27 June 1945, a Jewish woman was brought to a local Milicja Obywatelska police station and falsely accused of attempting to abduct a child.

[4] A mob shouting anti-Jewish slogans gathered at Kleparski Square, but a Milicja detachment brought the situation under control.

[4] Groups of hooligans who gathered at Kleparski Square had been throwing stones at the Kupa Synagogue on a weekly basis.

[4] On 11 August, an attempt to seize a thirteen-year-old boy who was throwing stones at the synagogue was made, but he escaped and rushed to the nearby marketplace screaming "Help me, the Jews have tried to kill me.

"[5] Instantly the crowd broke into the Kupa Synagogue and started beating Jews, who had been praying at the Saturday morning Shabbat service,[6] and the Torah scrolls were burned.

In the ambulance I heard the comments of the escorting soldier and the nurse who spoke about us as Jewish crust whom they have to save, and that they shouldn't be doing this because we murdered children, that all of us should be shot.

According to the report prepared for Joseph Stalin by the NKVD in Kraków,[12] Polish militiamen had sanctioned the violence.