Rudolf Mansfeld (17 January 1901, Berlin – 1960) was a German botanist and agricultural scientist.
For more than twenty years, he served as a curator at the Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum in Berlin-Dahlem, where he specialized in the study of Orchidaceae (orchids) and Euphorbiaceae (spurges).
After World War II, by way of a request from agriculturalist Hans Stubbe (1902–1989), he accepted a position as a laboratory technician at the Gatersleben Institute.
[1] As an agricultural scientist, he developed principles for the classification of cultivated plants, and also provided a scientific basis towards the establishment and preservation of large collections of cultivated plants (gene banks).
[1] He is remembered for the encyclopedia, Verzeichnis landwirtschaftlicher und gärtnerischer Kulturpflanzen (ohne Zierpflanzen), later translated into English and published as "Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops".