Kronprinz Rudolf-Bahn Gesellschaft (Imperial–royal, "privileged"—by the grant of a concession—Crown Prince Rudolf Railway Company, KRB).

The section of the line within the current borders of Italy now runs over the new Tarvisio–Udine railway (opened in November 2000) through Tarvisio Boscoverde.

It replaced a very windy route to Udine that originally formed part of the Rudolf Railway.

It was built by the Mährischen Eisenbauunternehmen (Moravian iron construction company) of the Klein brothers.

The KRB connected to the Italian rail network south of Pontebba in the Canale valley.

Line S2 of the Carinthian S-Bahn has been running between St. Veit an der Glan and Villach (via Feldkirchen in Kärnten) since December 2011.

As part of the new S-Bahn operation, the frequency and the number of local trains have increased significantly, although in some cases this had already happened with the introduction of the Kärnten-Takt (Carinthian cycle) in December 2008.

Since the private operator WESTbahn has been assigned the Railjet routes by ÖBB-Infrastruktur since December 2017, the meeting of ÖBB services on the hour in Amstetten has been abandoned.