Rudolf Tschudi (2 May 1884 – 11 October 1960) was a Swiss philologist, historian and Orientalist.
He studied classical philology (Greek and Latin) as well as eastern philology in Basel, Erlangen (where he studied under Georg Jacob), and Tübingen and was a member of the Schwizerhüsli Basel, Erlanger, and Tübingen Wingolf fraternities.
In 1919 he came to Zürich as an associate professor, and finally in 1922 to Ordinarius in Basel.
Tschudi was co-editor of the book series "Turkish Library" (Türkische Bibliothek, published by Mayer & Müller in Berlin) and the magazine "Der Islam."
His specialty was the Ottoman Empire and Turkish literature.