Rudolph Aronson (April 8, 1856 – February 4, 1919) was an American impresario and composer who was most notable for founding the Casino Theatre in New York City.

While in Paris, he completed numerous compositions which most notably included the "Marche Triomphale", which was performed at the Johann Strauss Monster Concert in Berlin on June 17, 1876.

[7] After his successful waltz "Sweet Sixteen", which reached several hundred thousand copies, he started evolving a plan of building the Casino Theatre, which he wanted to have the world's first roof garden on.

[9][10] Aronson returned to New York in April 1881, and began raising capital by suggesting the idea to establish a European Casino to multiple wealthy businessmen.

The building was completed on September 11, 1882, and was visited multiple times by poet Edwin Arnold who said it "was the finest example of Moorish architecture he had encountered".

[16] On October 22, 1882, the first concert was held by Maurice Grau's opera companies and an orchestra consisting of sixty musicians under Aronson's conductorship.