[1] He was a veteran of the Spanish–American War, serving as a corporal in the 52nd Iowa Volunteer Infantry.
[3] Anderson participated in the Stefansson-Anderson Arctic Expedition which explored Alaska and the northern Yukon from 1908 to 1912 and was part of the Canadian Arctic Expedition led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson from 1913 to 1916.
[4] Anderson joined the Explorers Club in New York in 1912, but resigned six years later.
He assisted in the development of the Migratory Birds Convention signed by Canada and the United States in 1916.
[1] There is a Rudolph Martin Anderson fonds at Library and Archives Canada.