Rumford fireplace

And he streamlined the throat, or in his words "rounded off the breast" so as to "remove those local hindrances which forcibly prevent the smoke from following its natural tendency to go up the chimney..." Rumford wrote two papers[2][3] detailing his improvements on fireplaces in 1796 and 1798.

[4] The Rumford fireplace created a sensation in London when he introduced the idea of restricting the chimney opening to increase the updraft.

It produced a circulating air-smoke flow, driving the smoke up into the chimney rather than lingering and often choking the residents.

In an age when fires were the principal source of heat, this simple alteration in the design of fireplaces was copied widely.

[8] This inspired the development of the kitchen range, also made in cast iron, which gave yet more control of the fire and also was used directly for cooking purposes.