In 1876, Korea established a trade treaty with Japan after Japanese ships approached Ganghwado and threatened to fire on the Korean capital.
Treaty negotiations with several Western countries were made possible by the completion of the initial Japanese overture.
[1] In 1882, the Americans concluded a treaty and established diplomatic relations,[2] which served as a template for subsequent negotiations with other Western powers.
The Russians and Koreans negotiated and approved a multi-article treaty with provisions similar to those of other Western nations.
[3] The treaty remained in effect even after a Japanese protectorate was established over Korea in 1905.