Yatimov was born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia to a Tajik father and a Russian mother.
[2] On 26 February 2016, Nizhny Novgorod registered Yatimov to senior squad for the remainder of the 2015–16 season.
[3] On 5 July 2017, Yatimov was released by Istiklol by mutual consent citing his desire to return to a team in Russia.
[5] In FC Istiklol, Rustam Yatimov played 92 official matches, of which 39 were clean sheets.
[6] On 16 June 2024, Russian Premier League club Rostov announce the singing of Yatimov from Istiklol for a fee in excess of $250,000.