Rzhyshchiv (Ukrainian: Ржищів, IPA: [ˈrʒɪʃtʃiu̯]; Russian: Ржищев; Yiddish: אירזיסטשוב, romanized: Irzistshub, also known by several alternative names; Polish: Rzyszczów) is a small city in Obukhiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast (province) of Ukraine.

[4][5] In Yiddish, formerly a primary language of the city, the name has been recorded in different forms throughout its history, including אורזיזטשוב (Urziztshub), רזיזטשוב (Rziztshub), אורזיזטשיב (Urziztshib), רזיזטשיב (Rziztshib), אורזישטשב (Urzishtshb), רזישטשב (Rzishtshb), אורזיסטשוב (Urzistshub), רזיסטשוב (Rzistshub), אירזיסטשיב (Irzistshib), רזיסטשיב (Rzistshib), אורזישטשיב (Urzishtshib), רזישטשיב (Rzishtshib), אירזישטשיב (Irzishtshib), רעזישטשיב (Rezishtshib), רזישטשעב (Rzishtsheb), אירזיזטשיב (Irziztshib).

In English it has been recorded as Rzhyshchiv, Rzhishchev, Rezhishchev, Rezhyschiv, Rzysciv, Orzistchov and Irzyszczów.

In his description of Kiev Guberniya, historian L. Pokhilevich writes: “At the beginning of the 20th century, Rzhyschiv occupied a prominent place among the trade centres of Kiev Guberniya, trading particularly in grain sent along the Dnieper River to Lithuania.” In 1858, a large beet-sugar factory owned by Berdichev banker Halperin was built in Rzhyschiv.

The list included surnames of 150 inhabitants of Rzhyschiv, 47 of whom owned real estate valued at 1,000 roubles or more.

These include: The enviable economic situation may have encouraged tzaddikim from the Ostrog dynasty to take up residence in Rzhyschiv.

He was brought up in the house of ‘the Shpoler Zeyde’; in 1802, he took the place of the town's Hasidic leader and founded a dynasty that existed until the Holocaust.

The other tzaddikim had come to Rzhyshchev to collect donations: "it is clear that", David Asaf writes, "the invader was showered with stones and nearly killed."