In the early 1920s, Mirajkar, S. A. Dange, and S. V. Ghate constituted the early communist leadership that emerged within India, and who resented the role played the emigre leadership who formed the Communist Party of India in Tashkent in 1920.

[3] When the Workers and Peasants Party was founded in Bombay in January 1927, Mirajkar became its general secretary.

[11][12] However, Mirajkar's decision to side with the left in the CPI split was not an issue of ideology, but of personal conflict with S. A.

[14] When the CPI(M) Politburo called for a boycott of the January 1970 AITUC session in Guntur, Mirajkar refused to comply with the party directive and participated anyway.

[1] He retired as AITUC President in 1973, and was succeeded by Dr. Ranen Sen.[8] Mirajkar died in a Bombay nursing home on 15 February 1980, at the age of 79.