Saint Matthew the Evangelist is an oil tempera on beech board painting by Bohemian painter Master Theodoric.

As can be seen from the images taken by infrared reflectography,[1] the most significant changes in composition during the painting occurred in the case of the book, which is only ajar, and also in the subsequent position of the hands.

Theodoric's prefigurement may have been the cycle of murals with portraits of rulers and their imaginary ancestors back to the forefather Noah, with which the so-called Master of the Luxembourg Family Tree had decorated the walls of the imperial palace.

[2] The very typology of broad and softly modelled faces with rich beards, which is characteristic of Theodoric, is probably also mediated by the Master of the Luxembourg Family Tree, who came to Bohemia shortly after 1355 from France.

He is often depicted with an angel writing the Gospel as he is called to the apostolate, sometimes directly standing up before Jesus or the apostles Peter and Andrew from the money table.