It is on display in the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Strasbourg, France.

[2] The painting bears a long and explicit signature on the edge of the table: JOSEPHUS RIBERA HISPANUS VALENTINUS CIVITATIS SETABIS ACADEMICUS ROMANUS; i.e. "José Ribera, a Spaniard from the Kingdom of Valencia, the city of Xàtiva, the Academy of Rome".

[2][3] It was bought by the museum in 1890 from the collection of Gustave Rothan [da]; its previous history could be traced back with certitude until 1809, but only speculatively beyond that date.

[1] Saint Peter and Saint Paul is influenced by Caravaggism in its naturalistic depiction of the two men, while displaying early Classicism in its solid composition.

[2] Ribera reused another canvas to paint over; an upside-down head of a child can still be seen below the parchment in Saint Peter's hand.