The painting reveals the influence on Ribera of the realism of Caravaggio, particularly that artist's Crucifixion of Saint Peter.

The work was owned by Juan Alfonso Enríquez de Cabrera, Admiral of Castille, until it was inherited by his son Juan Gaspar Enríquez de Cabrera in 1647.

After the French occupied Spain, the work came into the hands of Andrés del Peral around 1816.

About two years later, he sold it to Aloys von Kaunitz-Rietberg, the Austrian Empire's ambassador to Spain.

The work entered the Hungarian national collection in 1871, and is now on display in the Museum of Fine Arts in Budapest since 1871.