Roosevelt Red Ware
The tradition involves the combination of red, white, and black paint in varying configurations along with compositional and morphological characteristics.
Some archaeologists have chosen to use the term Salado Polychromes so as not to give undue emphasis to the Roosevelt Lake area, once thought to be the center of production.
In her 1994 volume, Dr. Patricia Crown tested four existing models for understanding the Salado Polychromes: "elite symbols of authority or items of exchange," "indicators of participation in an economic alliance/regional system," "objects associated with the spread of a religious ideology," or "markers of ethnicity for a migrant group" (Crown 1994: vi).
Roosevelt Red Ware is divided by archaeologists into a series of types, which cover shorter spans of time, based on configurations of the painted designs and rim profiles of bowls.
Pinto polychrome is found along the Mogollon Rim in Arizona as well as the Tonto Basin, Sierra Ancha, Globe Highlands, San Pedro Valley, Point of Pines Area, Kinishba Area and the Upper Gila Valley (Neuzil and Lyons 2005: 34).
Similar in dates, designs, and geographic distribution to Pinto Polychrome but without the white slip underlying black paint.
Similar in dates, designs and geographic distribution to Gila Polychrome but without the white slip underlying black paint.
The black on white designs are generally narrower bands than on Gila jars, or panels of decoration, and are surrounded by red slip.
Unlike Cliff Polychrome however, the rest of the interior of this type is red slipped without any additional elaboration, including lack of a banding line.
This type is named for the Nine Mile Site in the San Simon Valley excavated by Jack and Vera Mills in the 1940s.
This type dates to AD 1375-1450 and as the name suggests its distribution centers on the Phoenix basin, but distribution extends east to the Cliff Valley and is extends from the Verde Valley in the north to the Douglas, Arizona area in the south (Neuzil and Lyons 2005).
Dinwiddie Polychrome has a very restricted spatial distribution and may "not occur west of a line drawn through Kinishba, near Whiteriver, and the Nine Mile site, near Bowie [Arizona]" (Neuzil and Lyons 2005: 30).
In Crown’s 1994 study, although she did not name this type, she noted that Roosevelt Red Ware bowls exhibiting smudged interiors were confined to a limited geographical range.
Cliff White-on-red overlaps in distribution with Dinwiddie Polychrome and thus the range appears to be southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona.
(Neuzil and Lyons 2005) In their exhaustive study of Casas Grandes, DiPeso, Rinaldo and Fenner (1974), the type Escondida Polychrome was formally named.
A second type, unnamed yet, is similar to Escondida Polychrome but exhibits the white slip found on Roosevelt Red Ware.
