Salem Township is one of the seventeen townships of Highland County, Ohio, United States.

Located in the western part of the county, it borders the following townships: No municipalities are located in Salem Township, although the unincorporated community of Pricetown lies in the township's east.

It is one of fourteen Salem Townships statewide.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.