The largest towns in the province are: Salerno, the capital, which has a population of 131,950; Cava de' Tirreni, Battipaglia and Nocera Inferiore, all having around 50,000 inhabitants.

The province also comprises the Cilento coast, whose sea quality is considered among the best in Italy.

[2] Formerly a notable center of Magna Graecia, Paestum houses a wide complex of well-preserved ancient Greek temples.

[citation needed] One of the features of the rugged country-side is Gole del Calore di Felitto, an area of gorges between Felitto and Magliano Vetere formed by the Calore Lucano river.

[citation needed] The chapter house has been adapted for the Museo Archeologico della Lucania Occidentale, which has many ancient artifacts dating from Roman times.