Originally named Waulcergait, the area was associated with wool production, in particular the fulling (Scots waulking) of the cloth.

In the 18th century it became a fashionable residential district, close to the Merchant City.

[2] Across the road is the McLennan Arch, which dates to 1796, but was moved to its present site in 1992.

[4] Later in the 19th century the Saltmarket became a notorious slum, with many illicit bars.

In the early 20th century, the City Improvement Trust undertook clearance of the slums, building new tenements along Saltmarket, as well as new public houses.