Samuel Azariah Shelton (September 3, 1858 – September 13, 1948) was a United States Representative from Missouri's 16th congressional district.

Born near Waterloo, Alabama, Shelton moved with his widowed mother to Webster County, Missouri in 1869.

Shelton was elected as a Republican to the 67th Congress (March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923).

He was not a candidate for renomination in 1922 to the 68th Congress.