Samuel Henry Miller (April 19, 1840 – September 4, 1918) was an American educator and Civil War veteran who served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania for two terms from 1881 to 1885, and then, thirty years later, for a third term from 1915 to 1917.

During the American Civil War, Miller served in the Fifty-fifth Regiment of the Pennsylvania Militia.

He also studied law, was admitted to the bar and began his legal practice in Mercer in 1871.

Miller was elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (1881-1885), but declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1884.

He was then elected to the Sixty-fourth Congress (1915-1917), but declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1916.