Commissioned into the Royal Signals Thomson served as a lieutenant in India and Malaya and, returning to Glasgow in 1946, graduated BSc in 1947 and PhD in 1951, and later, DSc in 1966.
From 1959 he was also a university scientific training officer for the Scottish Home Department on aspects of nuclear warfare.
Professor Thomson was elected fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on 4 March 1974.
Author of numerous articles and papers, Thomson co-wrote, with Professor Geoffrey Webb, the book Heterogeneous Catalysis (1967).
On 20 January 2012 Thomson's great-grandson was born and named Samuel Jack McCormick in his honor.