A church at the site, along with Franciscan convent, was first built in 1422, and dedicated to St Lucy (Lucia of Syracuse).
The church suffered severe damage during the Second World War, destroying the bell-tower and the sacristy, and was only reopened to the public in 1965.
At the end of the transept is the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception, with a monumental altarpiece containing a sculpture of the Madonna attributed to the school of Jacopo della Quercia.
The main chapel still has its original altarpiece, but the altar is a modern, completed by Domenico Matteucci, with a painting by Ferraù Tenzoni.
The last chapel in the church once dedicated to San Giuseppe da Copertino, but now dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, houses a painting depicting the Patron Saints of Castel Bolognese (1607) by the son of Giovanni Battista Bertucci.