It was originally attached to the Augustinian monastic order of Canons Regular of the Lateran.
The interior of the church was again rebuilt in 1496 under the designs of Bernardino de Lera; while the present Neoclassical-style facade with simple portico of white columns was built in 1835 under designs of Luigi Voghera.
The left nave contains the Trecchi Mausoleum (1502) by Gian Cristoforo Romano.
The walls of the presbytery were frescoed with scenes from the Life of Saint Agatha (1537) by Giulio Campi.
In a chapel of the left nave, is an altarpiece depicting the Holy Family with Mary Magdalen (1518) by Boccaccio Boccaccino.