It was commissioned from Pesellino as the high altarpiece for the eponymous church in Pistoia in 1455, but he died only two years later and it was completed by the addition of a predella and an altar front by Fra Filippo Lippi and his workshop.
The documents provide a detailed account of the commissioning process and the painting's completion and delivery.
[1] The work was sawn into six pieces, probably soon after the suppression, with the section showing the Trinity owned by the Reverend Walter Davenport Bromley and William Young Ottley before being bought by the National Gallery, London in 1863.
Meanwhile, the section showing Saints Mamas and James was acquired by Queen Victoria from Warner Ottley[c] via Ludwig Gruner as a birthday gift to Albert, Prince Consort in 1846 and remains in the Royal Collection, though it is on long-term loan to the National Gallery.
[5][1][6] One fragment at the bottom right of the main panel showing Saints Zeno and Jerome's legs is still lost and replaced by a modern reconstruction.