A population of 2,456 (as of 2010[4]) live in structures some of which date from circa 1700;[5] in Sandoval County (~35 miles (56 km) northeast of Albuquerque, New Mexico, off Interstate 25 southwest of Santa Fe) described by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place.

[3][6] The population of the pueblo is composed of Native Americans who speak Keres, an eastern dialect of the Keresan languages.

Like several other Pueblo peoples, they have a matrilineal kinship system,[7] in which children are considered born into the mother's family and clan, and inheritance and property pass through the maternal line.

[8] On the Catholic saint's day of Santo Domingo in August 1598, conquistador Juan de Oñate had his first encounter with Kewa Pueblo.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Santo Domingo CDP that overlays the pueblo has a total area of 2.0 square miles (5.2 km2), all land.

When the Spanish first came to the Rio Grande Valley, they found over 70 villages that manufactured goods and had a strong trade network.

On orders of the Viceroy at Mexico City, Captain Juan Morlette found Castaño at Kewa Pueblo and arrested him.

[citation needed] Castaño abandoned two interpreters at Kewa Pueblo; he had kidnapped them earlier and brought them with him.

Governor Juan de Oñate's expedition recorded encountering Tomas and Cristobal at Kewa Pueblo, as it traveled north.

[citation needed] Potters of Kewa and Cochiti Pueblos have made stylized pottery for centuries, developing styles for different purposes and expressing deep beliefs in their designs.

Continuing to use traditional techniques, in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, potters have also expanded their designs and repertoire in pottery, which has an international market.

[18][22] In the 1920's, tourism catalyzed by a nearby railway stop in the town of Wallace, drew attention to Kewa and its pottery.

[24] The Aguilar Family, consisting of two sisters and one sister-in-law, created Kewa pottery from 1910 until approximately 1915 and became very well-known for their artwork.