Type of Transmission Control Protocol which is designed to provide much higher throughput and scalability.
Effectively, this process keeps halving the throughput until packet loss stops.
Once the packet loss subsides, slow start kicks in to ramp the speed back up.
Instead of halving the congestion window size, each packet loss decreases the congestion window by a small fraction (a factor of 1/8 instead of Standard TCP's 1/2) until packet loss stops.
When packet loss stops, the rate is ramped up at a slow fixed rate (one packet is added for every one hundred successful acknowledgements) instead of the Standard TCP rate that's the inverse of the congestion window size (thus very large windows take a long time to recover).