Schalkau is a town in the district of Sonneberg, in Thuringia, Germany.

The former municipality Bachfeld was merged into Schalkau in December 2019.

There is one secondary school, educating pupils 11-16 (ordinarily) which falls into the 'Realschule' category.

The school is named after the famous German writer, Goethe.

The town has 10 districts: Number of inhabitants (as of 31 December):