Scientific study

Aristotle is believed to be the first to begin the study of any subject from the contextualization of the issue, i.e., by collecting, analyzing, and grouping all relevant facts.

By determining their meaning and relations with each other, he developed a systematic and factually correct basis that allowed him to generalize about underlying rules or principles.

[2] The notion of syllogism, a means of deductive reasoning as proceeding from previously established general rules or facts down to particular instances, was introduced by Aristotle.

[2] This idea of a gradual ascent to reliable general claims, even though it seems obvious now, was innovative in that era and contributed to changing an approach to research design.

Galileo Galilei contributed to modern approaches to collecting, interpreting, and evaluating data by stating that the laws of nature are mathematical and proposing the standards of length and time in conducting experiments.