The head is slightly reddish, with distinct white markings behind the ears, which are shorter and more rounded than on most other tree squirrels.

[3] Three subspecies are currently recognised,[4] although their respective geographic distributions are unclear, and these may represent two or more distinct species.

[2] Neotropical pygmy squirrels are diurnal and spend the day in the forest canopy, usually at least 9 m (30 ft) above the ground.

[5] Population densities are apparently low, with normally no more than three individual per km2,[6] although groups containing more than one adult, plus young, have been observed in areas with a local concentration of food.

[3] These squirrels typically move rapidly through the trees, and are highly excitable, giving an alarm call described as similar to the sound of a cricket.