The Scollard Formation is an Upper Cretaceous to lower Palaeocene stratigraphic unit of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in southwestern Alberta.
The Scollard Formation consists primarily of sandstones and siltstones, interbedded with mudstones and, in the upper portion, coal seams, as well as minor amounts of bentonite.
[1] The sediments were eroded from the Canadian Cordillera, and were transported eastward by river systems and deposited in fluvial channel and floodplain environments.
The Scollard Formation is present in the subsurface throughout much of southwestern Alberta,[7] and it outcrops extensively along the banks of the Red Deer River in the area of Trochu.
The zone is present at shallow depths and, in places, exposed at surface, along a trend between Red Deer and Edmonton.
[11] The Scollard Formation preserves the remains of vertebrates, especially dinosaurs and, rarely, mammals, as well as a wide range of plant fossils.
Plant fossils from the upper, early Paleocene member of the Scollard Formation include species of the ferns Botrychium, Woodwardia and Azolla; the conifers Metasequoia and Glyptostrobus; the monocot Limnobiophyllum (a relative of duckweeds); and the dicots Cercidiphyllum and Platanus.
S. langstoni[19] Troodon[24] Indeterminate[19] Tyrannosaurus[19] T. rex[19] Torosaurus remains have also been unearthed in this region.