He graduated from the University of Georgia School of Law with his Juris Doctor in 1999, and joined environmental causes as a lawyer, successfully filing a lawsuit against the state of Florida for its failure to protect the Suwannee River and Lake Okeechobee from agricultural runoff.

He campaigned on his work in energy efficiency in the legislature and his proposals to improve water systems, increase regulation on mortgage companies, and renovate older buildings to cut down on electricity costs.

In 2010, when Orange County Commissioner Mildred Fernandez was suspended from office after she was arrested on corruption charges, Randolph applied to fill the vacant seat.

[7] Randolph ran for re-election a final time in 2010, and was opposed by realtor Greg Reynolds, the Republican nominee, and Lawanna Gelzer, an independent candidate.

He campaigned on his efforts to overturn the gay adoption ban in place in the state and his opposition to the fee increases passed by the legislature, while Reynolds called for cutting regulation to create jobs.

[11] Though he was eligible to seek a fourth term in 2012, he declined to do so, both because legislative redistricting moved him into an unfamiliar district and because he planned on running to be the next Chairman of the Florida Democratic Party.

[15] After he was elected, but before he was inaugurated, Randolph applied for a paying position in the Tax Collector's office to ease the transition, though he was attacked by local Republicans for accepting a salary while working.