Second Aliyah

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.The Second Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה השנייה, romanized: HaAliyah HaShniya) was an aliyah (Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel) that took place between 1904 and 1914, during which approximately 35,000 Jews, mostly from Russia,[1] with some from Yemen, immigrated into Ottoman Palestine.

[4] There are multiple reasons for this mass emigration from Eastern Europe, including the growing antisemitism in Tzarist Russia and the Pale of Settlement.

[6] Jews left Eastern Europe in search of a better economic situation which the majority[6] found in the United States.

[8] Many of the European Jewish immigrants during the late 19th-early 20th century period gave up after a few months and went back to their country of origin, often suffering from hunger and disease.

[15] Some of the immigrants, such as Akiva Aryeh Weiss, who preferred to settle in the new district created Ahuzat Bayit near Jaffa, which was later re named as Tel Aviv.

[16] There is a large misconception that Zionism played a major role in the immigration of Jews to Ottoman Syria (later British Palestine) during The Second Aliyah.

[17] Ottoman government had been negative to the migration of Jews ("Yishuv") to Palestine from late 19th century till the end of World War I.

[citation needed] One of the reasons was that most of the Jews had foreign citizenship, which curtailed the Empire's ability to deal with them and enforce Ottoman law.

[citation needed] Expulsions, deportations, arrests, denial of Ottoman nationality were some of the measures used to contain the Jewish immigration.

As a result, a network of Hebrew education developed under the auspices of a public committee with national-Zionist values.