After suppressing the Trưng sisters in 44 AD, Ma Yuan continued his crackdown on the Lac Viet resistance and their society.

[7] In 157, local leader Chu Đạt in Jiuzhen attacked and killed the Chinese magistrate, then marched north with an army of four to five thousand.

[13] Introduced by Indian merchants via sea, by late Han period, Buddhism quickly became the most predominant religion in Northern Vietnam,[14] whereas the Dâu Temple (circa.

[16] In 100, Cham people in Xianglin (Tượng Lâm) county (near modern-day Huế) revolted against the Han rule due to high taxes.

In 226 Sun Quan divided Jiaozhi into two separated provinces, Chiao-chou (included northern Vietnam and small portion of Hepu) and Kuangchou.

[20] In 248, Lâm Ấp forces invaded from the south, seized most of Rinan, and marched on into Jiuzhen, provoking major uprisings there and in Jiaozhi.

[22][23] In 263, Lü Xing (呂興), a prefecture in Jiaozhou, gained supports from local people and soldiers, murdered Wu administrators Sun Xu (孫諝) and Deng Xun (鄧荀), then sent envoys to Cao Wei requesting military assistance.

In February 266, Western Jin replaced Cao Wei, immediately sent Yang Chi to annex Jiaozhou with local supports.

[22] The war devastated the region as number of households in northern Vietnam fell from 64,700 in 140 AD to around 25,600 by the Western Jin dynasty period.

[25][26] In the early period of Jin dynasty, the imperial court favored the southern trade networks with prosperity kingdoms of Funan and Lâm Ấp.

[27] In 432, Phạm Dương Mại II of Lâm Ấp sent an embassy to the court of Liu Song asking for the appointment of Prefect of Jiao, which was declined.

[28] During the Jin dynasty and Six dynasties period of China, the Li-Lao people extended their territories right along the south coast of modern Guangdong and Guangxi, in a swath of land to the east of the Red River Delta and south and west of the Pearl River Delta, occupied the overland roads between Guangzhou and Jiaozhou.

In 545, Chen Baxian led the Liang army attack Jiaozhou, forced Lý Bôn fled west into the mountains above the Red River, where he was killed by Lao highlanders in 548.

"[33] Due to the political instability of Chinese civilization from 3rd to 6th century, much of the Vietnamese countryside was indirectly ruled, and indigenous Yue customs and relations between the sexes persisted.

[35] International trade through Maritime Silk Road from late AD 100s to 500s brought Dong Son bronze drums from northern Vietnam to far as eastern Indonesia, Papua and the Moluccas.