Sedimentary structures

Sedimentary structures such as cross-bedding, graded bedding, and ripple marks are utilized in stratigraphic studies.

In the lower flow regime, the natural progression is from a flat bed, to some sediment movement (saltation etc.

At higher still velocity, the antidunes are flattened and most sedimentation stops, as erosion takes over as the dominant process.

There are two types of ripple marks: Antidunes are the sediment[2] bedforms created by fast, shallow flows of water with a Froude number greater than 1.

Antidunes form beneath standing waves of water that periodically steepen, migrate, and then break upstream.

The antidune bedform is characterized by shallow foresets, which dip upstream at an angle of about ten degrees that can be up to five meters in length.

Soft-sediment deformation structures or SSD, is a consequence of the loading of wet sediment as burial continues after deposition.