Sereda joined the Bolshevik wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party in 1903.
In 1917, he became a member of the Ryazan gubkom, and from 1 March 1918 until 1 December 1921 served as the Peoples's Commissar for Agriculture.
[1] In this capacity he led the grain requisition and punitive operations against peasants in Yeletsky Uyezd of Oryol Governorate in 1918.
[2] Sereda was one of the main initiators of the creation of state farms and industrial communities.
From January 1920 he was a member of the Presidium of Supreme Soviet of the National Economy and Gosplan.