President of the Senate

The president of the Senate since 13 June 2023 is Godswill Akpabio, who represents the Akwa Ibom.

They are assisted by a deputy president who is traditionally a member of the largest opposition party.

[2] The president and vice-presidents are elected as the first item of business at the start of every legislative session.

The last persons to hold those positions were President Kinijoji Maivalili and Vice-President Hafiz Khan.

The Senate of Malaysia elects a president from its members, who is comparable to the speaker of the House of Representatives.

The president of the Senate is customarily a member of a majority party with a great deal of political experience.

This most recently occurred with Alain Poher, who was senate president from 1968 to 1992 and who served as acting president on two occasions: following Charles de Gaulle's resignation in 1969 and following Georges Pompidou's death in office in 1974.

Since 2014, the position has been held by Gérard Larcher of The Republicans (LR), formerly known as the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP).

In addition to overseeing the business of the chamber, chairing and regulating debates, deciding whether motions and bills are admissible, representing the Senate, etc., the president of the Senate stands in for the president of the Republic when he is unable to perform his duties.

Before the January 2008 general election, the positions were held by Sir Fred Gollop and Dame Patricia Symmonds.

The Senate of Mexico, at the beginning of each annual legislative session, elects an executive board (Mesa Directiva) from among its 128 members.

The president of the Senate for the current LXIV Legislature is Ana Lilia Rivera, a former National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) deputy for the Federal District, and former president of MORENA.

The president of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago, who is generally elected from the government benches, chairs debates in the chamber and stands in for the country's president during periods of absence or illness (Constitution, section 27).

Vice presidents usually personally preside over swearing in new senators, during joint sessions, announcing the result of a vote on a significant bill or confirmation, or when casting a tie-breaking vote.

Vice presidents have cast 302 tie-breaking votes since the U.S. federal government was established in 1789.

As a result of his tenure, questions were raised about the propriety of such a system, particularly about separation of powers–related issues.

A constitutional amendment was enacted in 2005 to create the office of lieutenant governor effective at the 2009 election.

Many state legislatures act almost like miniature versions of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.

Both chambers of the Pennsylvania legislature also have minority and majority leaders, and a speaker of the House.

The Argentine Senate is presided over by the vice-president of the Republic, currently Victoria Villaruel.

The current[update] president of Brazil's Federal Senate is Rodrigo Pacheco.