[3] The constitution sets three qualifications for senators: There are de facto Federal Member States: Galmudug, Hirshabelle, Jubaland, South-West, Puntland, plus the Northern Regions (Somaliland/khaatumo)and banaadir.

Like most other Upper houses worldwide, the Somali formula does not use representation by population as a primary criterion for member selection.

[citation needed] The Provisional Constitution of Somalia refers that the term Federal Parliament both houses is four(4) years beginning from the elections.

In addition, the members of the Upper House of Somalia Federal Parliament cannot be dissolved.

Other committees may be established on an ad hoc basis for specific purposes and they can monitor executive branches of the government to review their performances and make sure that law is upheld.

The Senate is not permitted to originate bills imposing taxes or appropriating public funds.

The Upper House of the Federal Parliament legislative duties includes Participation in the process of the amending the Constitution; Passing, or rejecting the laws that are tabled; Study of laws; Participation in the election of the President of the Federal Republic; Dismissal of the President; Participation in the process of declaring war; Carrying out other duties required by the Constitution to ensure proper implementation and review of the Constitution and Participation in the process of declaring a state of emergency.

All speakers, except for the house leadership or high-level guests, must stand in front of the Senators and address them directly.

An article-by-article debate shall be convened after the relevant house committee submits its deliberations on the bill in the second reading session.

The general secretariat counts up the votes, and the chair of the session declares the result.