He held the position of general mayor of Chișinău municipality (1994–2005) and interim prime minister of the Republic of Moldova (5 – 17 February 1999).

He held the position of Head of Department for Industrial and Constructions Development, Second Secretary of the District Committee of the Communist Party of Moldova in Briceni (1978–1983).

He holds, for a short time, the position of inspector and, in the same year, he was transferred as the second secretary at the district committee Anenii Noi of the CPM.

President Petru Lucinschi delegated him as a candidate for the position of prime minister, but he did not get the support of the parliament, he withdrew his candidacy.

3) of the President of the Republic of Moldova, Petru Lucinschi, was declared that Serafim Urechean, in his capacity as general mayor of Chișinău municipality, would become a member of the ex officio Government.

806-XV of 5 February 2002, for amending and completing the Statute of Chișinău municipality, when he was suspended of being a member of the Government of the Republic of Moldova.

At the parliamentary elections of 6 March 2005, Electoral Bloc Democratic Moldova, led by the Chișinău mayor Serafim Urechean, accumulated 28.53% of the votes of the participants and got 34 mandates out of 101.

In accordance with article 70 of the Constitution of Moldova, "the MP position is not compliant with the any other remunerated function, except the didactic and scientific activity".

At the local elections in Chișinău held in 2015, Serafim Urechean was a candidate for the position of mayor from the part of the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova.

However, when he appeared on the talk shows during the election campaign, Urechean has stated: "I am not a member of any party, nor of the LDPM.

After the July 2009 parliamentary election, alongside Vlad Filat, Mihai Ghimpu, and Marian Lupu, Serafim Urechean signed the Alliance For European Integration in a press conference on 8 August 2009.