The Banovina of Serbia or Banate of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Banovina Srbija / Бановина Србија), officially known as "the Serbian Lands" (Srpske zemlje / Српске земље), was a proposed administrative unit of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

The creation of the Banovina of Croatia in 1939–40 had been negotiated between Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković and Croatian leader Vladko Maček (of the HSS) in March–August 1939, and settled through an agreement on 26 August.

[1] Croatia, therefore, became the only banovina (in English also known as banate) constituted on the principle of ethnicity and/or nationality, named after the Croats (with only a minority of ethnic Croats left outside it), and thus was close in nature to a nation state.

[3] Its creation opened the question of the political status of the Serbs ("the Serbian question")[4] in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, with some Serb intellectuals (notably the members of the Serbian Cultural Club) and politicians (including some members of the Yugoslav government, such as Dragiša Cvetković) proposed and planned the creation of the Serbian banovina, which would include the territory of the existing banovinas of Vrbas, Drina, Danube, Morava, Zeta and Vardar.

[6] The plans were affirmed in the February 1940 number of Glas, a Serb-centric periodical, published by Matica srpska.