This province consisted of much of the Croatian region of Dalmatia and parts of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina and was named for its coastal (maritime) location.

The capital city of the Littoral Banovina was Split.

In 1941, the World War II Axis Powers occupied the former area of the Littoral Banovina.

Coastal areas from Split to Zadar were annexed by Fascist Italy with the remainder becoming a part of the Independent State of Croatia.

Following World War II, the region was divided between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina within a federal Communist Yugoslavia.