It was established in January 2022, as a direct successor of the Communist Party.

[1] It planned to contest the 2022 Serbian parliamentary election, but it ultimately did not.

[2][3] For the 2023 Serbian parliamentary election, SL participated on the SNS electoral list[4] and gained one seat in the National Assembly.

In June 2024, Milojičić resigned as the party president and joined SNS.

[5] Its leader until 2024 was Radoslav Milojičić, former Democratic Party member of the National Assembly,[1][6] while its honorary president is Joška Broz, former leader of the Communist Party.