Sergei Gukov (Russian: Серге́й Гу́ков; born 1977) is a professor of mathematics and theoretical physics.

Starting 2010, Gukov was elected as an external scientific member of the Max Planck Society at the MPIM, Bonn.

In 2022 Gukov was appointed as a Senior Professor in the School of Theoretical Physics at Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.

There he has organised a number of important conferences including Computer science for knotty math problems and was lead organiser for ‘The Amplituhedron at 10 the first joint conference between the two oldest Institutes for Advanced Studies in the world Institute for Advanced Study and DIAS.

In recent years, he teamed up with Boris Feigin, Hiraku Nakajima and other mathematicians to explore hidden algebraic structures in topology and in quantum field theory.