He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for Krasnodar-2 on 10 July 2021 in a game against Spartak-2 Moscow.

[1] He made his Russian Premier League debut for Krasnodar on 9 April 2022 against Rubin Kazan and scored a late winner in a 1–0 away victory.

[2] On 24 June 2024, Volkov joined Zenit Saint Petersburg on a four-year contract with an optional fifth year.

[3] In early September 2024, Volkov suffered an ACL tear which would leave him recovering for several months.

[4] Volkov was first called up to the Russia national football team for a training camp in September 2023.